New Longitudinal Error Balancing Approaches for Closed Traverses

This study presents two novel approaches to balance the horizontal longitudinal error of closure, EC, in closed polygonal traverses. The standard procedure to balance EC is the Compass Rule. This technique reduces EC to zero by applying corrections in the lengths of all traverse sides. Those corrections are proportional to the corresponding side lengths. That is, this approach is not an error-correcting approach, but an error-balancing procedure. The proposed new techniques are based on sensitivity analysis of EC with respect to small variations, Δi, in the lengths of all sides i = 1, 2, …, n of the traverse, where n is the total number of sides. In fact, for improved visualization purposes, the sensitivity analysis is performed on quantity D = P/EC, where P is the perimeter of the traverse. Additionally, D is the denominator of the Longitudinal Precision Ratio, LPR = 1/D, of the traverse. The presented new schemes first select the side lengths to be modified as those showing the most pronounced variations in D. Then, after the length of a few selected sides are modified, the Compass Rule is applied to close the remaining small gap. One of the proposed schemes requires a single sensitivity analysis and modifies the length of a few sides simultaneously, whereas the other scheme requires iterative sensitivity analyses and modifies the length of only one side per iteration. Potential weaknesses of the proposed schemes were investigated and analyzed. Additionally, an attempt was made to corroborate if the proposed schemes were truly error-correcting approaches or just error-balancing ones. However, the attempt was inconclusive due to unexpected inaccuracies in a few side lengths employed as benchmarks. Those lengths were obtained from vertex coordinates acquired by Leica GS14 antennas. Unfortunately, 2 vertices out of 7 presented quality-control parameters slightly out of the suggested preferred ranges. Therefore, it could not be concluded that the proposed schemes are truly error-correcting ones. Nevertheless, they effectively reduce and fully eliminate the horizontal longitudinal error of closure in closed polygonal traverses. This corroborates that they are, at least, new effective error-balancing procedures

Pump-and-probe optical transmission phase shift as a quantitative probe of the Bogoliubov dispersion relation in a nonlinear channel waveguide

We theoretically investigate the dispersion relation of small-amplitude optical waves superimposing upon a beam of polarized monochromatic light propagating along a single-mode channel waveguide characterized by an instantaneous and spatially local Kerr nonlinearity. These small luminous fluctuations propagate along the waveguide as Bogoliubov elementary excitations on top of a one-dimensional dilute Bose quantum fluid evolve in time. They consequently display a strongly renormalized dispersion law, of Bogoliubov type. Analytical and numerical results are found in both the absence and the presence of one- and two-photon losses. Silicon and silicon-nitride waveguides are used as examples. We finally propose an experiment to measure this Bogoliubov dispersion relation, based on a stimulated four-wave mixing and interference spectroscopy techniques.Comment: 17 pages, 7 figure

Hydrogen vs. Battery in the long-term operation. A comparative between energy management strategies for hybrid renewable microgrids

The growth of the world’s energy demand over recent decades in relation to energy intensity and demography is clear. At the same time, the use of renewable energy sources is pursued to address decarbonization targets, but the stochasticity of renewable energy systems produces an increasing need for management systems to supply such energy volume while guaranteeing, at the same time, the security and reliability of the microgrids. Locally distributed energy storage systems (ESS) may provide the capacity to temporarily decouple production and demand. In this sense, the most implemented ESS in local energy districts are small–medium-scale electrochemical batteries. However, hydrogen systems are viable for storing larger energy quantities thanks to its intrinsic high mass-energy density. To match generation, demand and storage, energy management systems (EMSs) become crucial. This paper compares two strategies for an energy management system based on hydrogen-priority vs. battery-priority for the operation of a hybrid renewable microgrid. The overall performance of the two mentioned strategies is compared in the long-term operation via a set of evaluation parameters defined by the unmet load, storage efficiency, operating hours and cumulative energy. The results show that the hydrogen-priority strategy allows the microgrid to be led towards island operation because it saves a higher amount of energy, while the battery-priority strategy reduces the energy efficiency in the storage round trip. The main contribution of this work lies in the demonstration that conventional EMS for microgrids’ operation based on battery-priority strategy should turn into hydrogen-priority to keep the reliability and independence of the microgrid in the long-term operation

Hemisphere Mixing: a Fully Data-Driven Model of QCD Multijet Backgrounds for LHC Searches

A novel method is proposed here to precisely model the multi-dimensional features of QCD multi-jet events in hadron collisions. The method relies on the schematization of high-pT QCD processes as 2->2 reactions made complex by sub-leading effects. The construction of libraries of hemispheres from experimental data and the definition of a suitable nearest-neighbor-based association map allow for the generation of artificial events that reproduce with surprising accuracy the kinematics of the QCD component of original data, while remaining insensitive to small signal contaminations. The method is succinctly described and its performance is tested in the case of the search for the hh->bbbb process at the LHC.Comment: 4 pages plus header, 1 figure, proceedings of EPS 2017 Venic

Substituição da espiga de milho desintegrada com palha e sabugo pela mandioca integral seca na alimentação de equinos.

O objetivo de estudar a viabilidade da substituição parcial/total da espiga de milho desintegrada ecom palha e sabugo (MDPS) pela mandioca integral (raiz + parte aérea) seca (MIS) ao sol, na alimentação de poltras da raça Arabe, por meio de consumo, ganho de peso e coeficiente de digestibilidade(CD) da MS, PB, FB, e EB

PENGARUH BRAND IMAGE DAN HARGA TERHADAP LOYALITAS PELANGGAN PADA DISTRO HYB SUPPLY

ABSTRAK Manajemen pemasaran merupakan seni dan ilmu untuk memilih pasar sasaran dan meraih, mempertahankan, serta menumbuhkan pelanggan dengan menciptakan, menghantarkan dan, mengkomunikasikan niai pelanggan yang unggul. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh brand image dan harga terhadap loyalitas pelanggan pada distro Hyb Supply Bandung baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dan verifikatif dengan jumlah sample 100 responde n. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan menyebarkan kuisioner. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda, korelasi ganda dan koefisien determinasi, dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan besar pengaruh brand image dan harga terhadap loyalitas pelanggan pada distro Hyb Supply Bandung dapat dikatakan cukup baik. Brand image memberikan pengaruh yang lebih kecil pada loyalitas pelanggan dibandingkan dengan harga terhadap loyalita pelanggan. Kata Kunci : Brand Image, Harga dan Loyalitas Pelangga

Comparação entre os coeficientes de digestibilidade da matéria seca e dos nutrientes de uma ração completa peletizada e arraçoamento tradicional em eqüinos.

Pesquisa realizada na EMBRAPA-UEPAE de São Carlos. Objetivo de comparar uma ração completa peletizada com o arraçoamento tradicional através da digestibilidade aparente da matéria seca e dos nutrientes das respectivas rações utilizada 14 fêmeas em crescimento, 5 puras da raça Árabe, 7 Árabe por cruzamento e 2 mestiças (15/16), com idade media de 29 meses e peso médio de 255 kg. A comparação entre as medias dos tratamentos, foi feita de acordo com o delineamento de dados emparelhados com sete pares, selecionados através do peso e idade. Sete animais receberam uma racao completa peletizada(RCP), constituída de 60% de feno de alfafa, 34% de milho e 6% de farelo de soja. Essa racao dividida em três porções semelhantes era fornecida diariamente. Os outros sete animais no arrocoamento tradicional (AT), recebiam os mesmos alimentos e nas mesmas proporções, sendo o concentrado na forma farelada e o feno de alfafa. Os coeficientes de digestibilidade medios para RCP e AT foram determinados utilizando-se método convencional (coleta total de fezes), durante 7 dias, obtendo-se os seguintes dados para os respectivos tratamentos: Matéria seca (62,89%-62,47%'); Proteína bruta (67,39% -67,75%); fibra bruta (33,02% - 36,165); extrato eterio(40,91% - 40,21%) e extrativo não nitrogenado (80,33% - 80,08%). Os resultados obtidos não mostraram diferenças estatísticas entre os dois métodos de alimentação. Sendo assim, constatou-se que a forma física não afetou os coeficientes de digestibilidade da matéria e dos nutrientes das rações